Solar PV Technology
Solar Photovoltaic (PV) is a technology that converts sunlight (solar radiation) into direct current electricity by using semiconductors. When the sun hits the semiconductor within the PV cell, electrons are freed and form an electric current. Solar PV technology is generally employed on a panel (hence solar panels). PV cells are typically found connected to each other and mounted on a frame called a module. Multiple modules can be wired together to form an array, which can be scaled up or down to produce the amount of power needed.
A simple solar photovoltaic (PV) system consists of the following basic components:
- Solar Cell
- Solar Module
- Solar Array
- Solar Charge Controller
- Solar Inverter
- Solar Batteries
- Switch Gears/Protection
- Power Cable
Working Principle
Solar Module is used to charge the battery when solar light is available. Charge coming form the module is stored in battery which is used at the time of power requirement. Charge Controller is the electronic gadget used to protect the storage batteries from being over charged or over discharged. Ac converter is used to run AC loads like TV, Computer, Fan, Motor etc. For DC lightening system AC converter is not required.